The Ornithologist

Synopsis:

The Ornithologist (O Ornitólogo) is a 2016 Portuguese drama by João Pedro Rodrigues, who both directed and co-wrote the film. Conceived as a multilayered parable, the narrative shadows Fernando, a solitary ornithologist drawn into the remote Portuguese north by the elusive migration of the black stork. The initially placid scientific undertaking transforms, over the course of the film, into a hallucinatory pilgrimage rife with allegory and mute confrontations, slowly dissolving the boundaries between empirical inquiry and arcane revelation.

At the film’s outset Fernando is a typified academic—methodical, reticent, more attuned to avian behaviour than to human. He glides the Douro’s back channels in a two-metre kayak, enumerating species in a ready notebook while the river, indifferent to classification, quietly re-routes his fate. An accident hurls him into the gorge’s vertiginous waters, compelling a vertiginous baptism paralleled by a subsequent encounter with two wandering Chinese women, pilgrims on the Camino, whose affection, spoken through magpies and pilgrim badges, veils a more disquieting allegiance.

They administer a narcotic to Fernando, bind his wrists, and debate his destiny with a fervor that oscillates between zeal and mockery. His eventual liberation propels him farther into the wild, yet the film abandons any pretense of realism and submerges the viewer into a half-remembered dream. His path soon crosses with a procession of uncanny, emblematic characters: a circle of bare-breasted, mask-clad women circumscribing a sacrificial fire, a mute herdsman named Jesus whose role as rescuer or seducer remains stubbornly uncertain, and a trio of spectral hunters evoking both the crucifixion of the saints and the iconography of pre-Christian rites.

The plot quietly begins to retrace the contours of the life of Saint Anthony of Padua, but in a wholly contemporaneous key. Like the thirteenth-century Franciscans, Fernando submits to a sequence of trials that verges upon temptation, suffering, and revelation. Martyrdom, sexuality, and the numinous braid into a single, recalcitrant image. With each subsequent encounter, he becomes less a man on the road and more a mutation of deliberating identities: body fraying, mind fraying, spirit abandoning known principles. His self-portrait fades under successive washes, only to be redrawn through a magic at once phantom and sacramental.

By the conclusion, the character of Fernando has undergone a definitive metamorphosis. While alterations to his physical form are understated, language itself becomes a site of metamorphosis: he adopts the name “António,” Johannes Pedro Rodrigues’ middle name and the name carried across centuries by the patron of lost things. This act of re-naming signals that the narrative has moved beyond simple self-revelation towards a re-writing of identity that collapses secular biography and hagiography. Here, the empirical and the ineffable occupy the same breath, implying that empirical methodologies have yielded to or merged with the hagiographic vertical.

Paul Hamy assumes the central role and delivers a performance marked by rigorous physicality and slow internality. A French actor with prior experience in fashion, he exercises formidable restraint, permitting the character’s psyche to surface through minimal spoken language. Much of Fernando’s lived experience — the psychological maelstrom, the Cartesian flatness of a controlled laboratory, the logics of eros and spirituality — unfolds in slow-vision and dream-vision. Hamy deftly articulates each of the character’s contradictory polarities: disciplined researcher and furtive mystic, damaged pawn and tempered agent, detached observer and abandoned subject drawn into the very lure he studies, all performed with visceral restraint.

Xelo Cagiao is introduced as the shepherd Jesus, mute and mute to language, yet immeasurably dense in corporeal presence. Their coupling — if coupling is the proper term — is inscribed in gestures, silences, and a barely chaste embrace that pull the figure of the shepherd into campos que están — mirroring, it seems, the theological dépassement into which Fernando is dragged. Their communion — part sacramental, part homoerotic — maps the overlapping territories of biblical symbolism and queer becoming, anodizing the film’s continued obsession with the saints of loss of bodies and the economy of last, a theme as solemn as it is sexually delirious.

Han Wen and Chan Suan embody Fei and Ling, the two Chinese pilgrims whose appearances hover between menace and dream. Their arrival ushers in early meditations on religious extremism and cultural estrangement, establishing a tone of vertiginous surreality that intensifies as the film unfolds. Unlike conventional foils, they function as spectral guides whose drift disrupts space and time, scattering portentous reflections across Fernando’s slow, stumbled pilgrimage.

At the helm, João Pedro Rodrigues extends his distinctive oblique grammar—sparse dialogue, allegorical imagery, and transgression—toward a luminous saturation. Prominent in Portugal’s avant-garde, Rodrigues has long investigated the zones where identity, desire, and metamorphosis collide, framing his obsessions within the fragile architectures of desire and memory.

In concert with João Rui Guerra da Mata, Rodrigues crafts a libretto that evades plot in favor of episodic arch. Scenes unfold as brief parables—breathtaking digital canvases that draw on the mineral dust of religious history, the hot breath of queer longing, and a melancholy hunger that permeates the desert of time. The viewer becomes a reluctant seeker whose own questions blur with those inhabited by the luminous, trembling bodies on the screen.

Rui Poças’s cinematography weaves the Peninsula’s wilderness into a luminous yet tremulous canvas. Ancient forests, tape-worn rivers, and chthonic gold function simultaneously as a luminous catacomb and a mirage of solace. Each composition—lozenge of untamed forest set against receding mountains, parched fintech of sun—evokes a northern iconography, echoing the cadences of Renaissance tableaux, the hush of buried altarpieces.

Sound design further intensifies the atmosphere, reinforcing the story’s claustrophobic removal from civilization and introducing an almost spectral relationship between the protagonist and the wilderness. Intercut between distant bird calls, the ceaseless glide of the river, and longueurs of deliberate stillness, the aural palette insinuates itself into Fernando’s psyche.

IMDb Ratings and Critical Reception:

With an IMDb score of 6.5/10, The Ornithologist reveals a pronounced bifurcation between popular and scholarly audiences. Those not attuned to the film’s allegorical grammar, or anticipating a straightforward plot, frequently brand it languorous or obscure. By contrast, the film secured a secure berth in the art-cinema canon, rewarded with widespread and animated festival commendation.

The picture debuted at the 2016 Locarno International Film Festival, where João Pedro Rodrigues carried off the Best Director prize. Commentators praised the film’s fearless narrative fracturing, its saturated cinematography, and its alpine symbolist rigor. Reviewed variously as a “queer spiritual odyssey” and “hallucinatory pilgrimage,” it invites deliberate associations with the oeuvres of Luis Buñuel, Apichatpong Weerasethakul, and Andrei Tarkovsky.

Much of the scholarly discourse has situated itself around the film’s network of religious allusions in conjunction with its exploration of queerness. By recasting the life of a Catholic saint through the prism of a gay ornithologist, Rodrigues destabilizes the often-firm distinctions between the sacred and the profane, between faith and the erotic, and between the corporeal and the spiritual. This intermingling of identities and functions grants the text both intellectual density and palpable emotional resonance.

Some commentators argue that the film’s stately tempo and hallucinatory structure risk alienating the generalized viewer. Others, in counter, perceive this very alienation as a formal virtue—an aesthetic proclamation that a viewer’s investment and decipherment are non-negotiable. The narrative, fortified with richly textured allegories, thus solicits serial encounters and entices the spectator to forge autonomous constellations of meaning between its dispersed symbols.

Conclusion:

The Ornithologist defies the terms of any simple genre enclosure. It fuses adventure-matrix, spiritual quest, and queer allegory yet refuses to be contained by any of these modes. João Pedro Rodrigues has fashioned an experiment in narrative that eludes inherited protocols, welcoming the spectator into a uniquely intimate and lyric domain in which questions of identity, belief, and the natural world interlace and refract.

Through Fernando’s expedition—an odyssey that intertwines stark physical danger with profound inner renewal—the film stages a meditative inquiry into metamorphosis in its many manifestations. It invites the spectator to reflect on the ways in which both intimately held and collectively transmitted stories position subjectivity, while suggesting that surrendering to dislocation may, paradoxically, be the precondition for authentic recovery.

While the work’s governing surrealism and intricate symbolism may not command universal admiration, The Ornithologist asserts itself as a daring, visceral marker within the continent’s recent cine-list. The text balances pictorial lyricism with an almost disquieting candidness, oscillating between guarded tenderness and turbulent provocation. To the audience ready to confront its many-elided certainties, the work emerges as a genuine, cartographic cinema piygrimage, charting terrain for which no prior cartography can credibly be encountered.

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